Commodore 1541-II Guía de usuario Pagina 6
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Another key advantage of the Commodore
1541
over disk drives for other computers
is
its dynamic allocation
of
disk space. Many other disk drives make you think about
every program you save. Where can
I store
it
on this diskette, and should I pack the disk
first?
(Packing is the process
of
moving all the leftover work areas to the end
of
the
diskette's storage space.) All this
is
handled automatically on Commodore disk drives.
The 1541 disk drive always knows where the next program will go, and automatically fits
it into the best available spot.
Diskettes
created
on
the
1541
may
be
read
by
several
other
Commodore
disk
drives, including
the
former
1540, 2040,
and
4040,
and
the
2031.
It
is usually possi-
ble,
though
not
recommended,
to
write
data
to
any
one
of
these drives
from
any
of
the
others.
The
1541
communicates
with
the
computer
and
other
devices
over
a
cable
and
interface
known
as
the
Commodore
serial
bus.
It
is
patterned
after
the
IEEE-488
bus
used
on
Commodore's
PET
and
CBM
models,
except
that
the
serial
version
only
uses
one
wire for
data.
The
two
serial
ports
on
the
1541 allow several devices
to
be
connected
together
at
once,
each
plugged
into
the
next
in
"daisy
chain"
fash-
ion.
Up
to
4-
disk
drives
and
2
printers
can
be
connected
this
way.
HOW
TO
USE
THIS
BOOK
This book
is
divided into two main parts. The first part gives you the information you
need to use the
1541
effectively, even if you know little
or
nothing about programming.
This part
of
the book tells you how to set up the system, how to prepare diskettes for use,
how to read a directory, and how to load programs.
Part two
of
the book is for advanced
users and those who would like to become advanced users. This part provides more
advanced commands, tells about the different files the
1541
uses, and how to manage
them, as well as giving a few hints for machine language programmers.
Both beginning and advanced users will find valuable information
in
the appendi-
ces--a
quick reference list
of
disk commands, a list
of
disk error messages and what they
mean, a glossary
of
words used in this manual, how to use two or more disk drives at
once, and explanations
of
some programs on the Test/Demo diskette packed with your
1541.
Since owners
of
four different Commodore computers use the 1541, we have
separated several explanations into two versions, depending on which Basic your com-
puter uses.
If
you have a VIC 20 or Commodore 64, please read the pages marked Basic
2. Those with the Commodore
16
or
the Plus/4 should read pages marked Basic 3.5. For
many commands, there will be an added page
or
two
of
further comments and advanced
techniques. Feel
free
to skip anything you
don't
understand on those pages now, and come
back later.
BASIC
OPERA
TING
STEPS
If
you're
like
most
people,
you're
anxious
to
start
using
your
new
disk
drive
right
away.
In
view
of
that,
we
have
outlined
the
basic
steps
you
need
to
know
in
order
to
get
started.
2
Once
you've
mastered the basic steps however, yoq will need to refer to the rest
of
this manual in order to make full use
of
the
1541
's
features. In fact, before you begin, you
should take a look
at
the following short sections, which offer precautions on hanclling the
equipment:
"Simple
maintenance
tips,"
"Safety rules for diskette
care,"
and " Safety
rules for removing diskettes."
1.
Unpack, hook-up, and turn on the disk drive.
There's
no
shortcut
through
this
part.
You'll
have
to
read
this section
to
find
out
what
connects
to
what,
when
to
:
urn
everything
on,
and
bow
to
empty
the
drive.
If
you
run
into
any
problems
at
this
point,
refer
to
the
Troubleshooting
Guide.
Gently insert a pre-programmed diskette.
For
the
purpose
of
demonstration,
use
the
Test/Demo
diskette
that
was included
with
the
disk drive.
If
you
run
into
any
problems
at
this
point,
refer
to
Chapter
2,
"Inserting
a
Diskette."
3. Type:
LOAD
"HOW
TO USE",8 (for Basic
2)
DLOAD
"HOW
TO USE"(for Basic 3.
5)
Press:
RETURN
HOW
TO
USE
is
the
name
of
a
particular
program
on
the
Text/Demo
diskette.
To
load
a different
BASIC
program,
substitute
the
name
of
that
program
inside
the
quotation
marks.
If
you
want
to
load
a
program
that
isn't
written
in
BASIC
language,
you
must
use
the
Basic 2
command
and add
the
following
after
the
8
in
that
command:
,l
If
you
run
into
any
problems
at
this
point,
refer
to
Chapter
2,
the
section enti-
tled
"Loading
a
Packaged
Program."
4.
After
you perform step
3,
the following will appear on the screen:
SEARCHING
FOR
HOW
TO USE
LOADING
READY
At
this
point,
type
RUN
and
press
the
RETURN
key
and
follow
the
directions
for
the
program.
3
- COMMODORE 1
- USER'S 2
- CONTENTS 3
- ················· 4
- INTRODUCTION 5
- I store 6
- I pack the disk 6
- GUIDE TO OPERATION 7
- CONNECTING THE CABLES 8
- TURNING ON THE POWER 8
- TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE 10
- SIMPLE MAINTENANCE TIPS 10
- CHAYfER2 11
- DISKETIES 11
- CHAPTER3 14
- DIRECTORIES 14
- = Program files 15
- = Relative data files 15
- P = Program 16
- PART TWO: 17
- GUIDE TO 17
- ADVANCED OPERATION 17
- PROGRAMMING 17
- In Basic 18
- I will 19
- VERIFYING PROGRAMS 20
- SCRATCH·(FOR ADVANCED USERS) 21
- "<" 22
- ORIGIN~L 23
- Chapt~r 24
- 0 on the 25
- 0 and device 8 respectively 25
- #" 26
- I AND PH 27
- ~orrect 28
- ~~an:ple 29
- Troublesome Characters 30
- & number 32
- I and 127· 33
- (>) 34
- = NR-256*RH 35
- & STATE" ;CS$ 36
- ORGANIZ~ 37
- BLOCK-READ 38
- BLOCK-WRITE 38
- PRINT#l5 39
- WRITE";channel 39
- ALLOCATING BLOCKS 40
- FREEING 40
- CHAPTERS 41
- INTERNAL DISK COMMANDS 41
- : PRINT ASC(A$); 42
- 'Nbcre 43
- :" 44
- + 32)CHR$(DV + 64) 45
- Of'F 46
- ~overed 47
- '"' 48
- I - available block 49
- & C-64 51
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